Understanding Korea materials - Hangeul: Appendix/Korean and the Altaic Family

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Understanding Korea Series No.1
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1. Korean Language and Hangeul in East Asia Appendix: Korean and the Altaic Family 2. Transcription of Korean Using Chinese Characters


Korean and the Altaic Family

Along with Japanese, Korean is known as part of the Altaic Family; however, this classification is disputed. While there is a minor issue over whether Korean and Japanese belong to the Altaic Family or not, a bigger controversy exists regarding the Altaic Family itself. A recent typology research suggests that Korean is not a part of the Altaic Family.

According to WALS, there are 65 languages in the Altaic Family. These are divided into three genera: Mongolic (13 languages), Tungusic (11 languages) and Turkic (41 languages).

This figure illustrates that Korean does not belong to the Altaic Family. WALS suggests there is only one language, Korean, belonging to the Korean Family and the Korean Genus. This may be a testament to how d ifficult it is to identify the genealogy of Korean. Relatedly, Ethnologue: Languages of the World classifies Korean as a language isolate.


Understanding Korea Series No.1 Hangeul

Foreword · Acknowledgments

1. Korean Language and Hangeul in East Asia · Appendix: Korean and the Altaic Family

2. Transcription of Korean Using Chinese Characters

3. The Creation of Hunminjeongeum · 3.1 King Sejong and Hunminjeongeum · Appendix: King Sejong and Jiphyeonjeon(The Academy of Worthies) · 3.2 The Design Principles of Hunminjeongeum Letters · Appendix: Various Hypotheses on the Creation of Hunminjeongeum · Appendix: Special Features of the Korean Alphabet(called Hunminjeoneum or Hangeul) · 3.3 The Phonological Features of the 28 Letters of Hunminjeongeum · Appendix: The Philosophical Background of Hunminjeongeum · 3.4 Letter Usage

4. Changes of Hangeul · 4.1 Changes in the Name: From Hunminjeongeum to Hangeul · 4.2 Changes of Letters

5. History of Hangeul Usage · 5.1 Records Written in Hangeul · 5.2 Establishment of Korean Orthography · Appendix: Korean Romanization · 5.3 The Script Reform: Mixed Script to Hangeul-only Script

6. Hangeul Now

Reference · Glossary · Sources · About the Author